cff-version: 1.2.0
title: "Petrel Flow Accumulation Layer v0.3 Global (DEM-derived)"
message: "If you use this dataset, please cite it as below."
type: dataset
authors:
  - name: "Petrel"
    website: "https://petreldata.io"
date-released: "2026-09-19"
version: "v0.3-global-dem"
license: "CC-BY-NC-4.0"
url: "https://petreldata.io/layers/flow_accumulation/v0.3"
keywords:
  - "flow accumulation"
  - "drainage"
  - "distance to drainage"
  - "topographic wetness index"
  - "TWI"
  - "hydrology"
  - "digital elevation model"
  - "GEDTM30"
  - "global"
abstract: >
  Global drainage-structure dataset at 278 m (9 arcsec) resolution, in two
  rasters: distance-to-nearest-drainage-channel (metres) and the topographic
  wetness index (TWI). Derived from the GEDTM30 v1.2 bare-earth DEM using
  pysheds (fill_pits -> fill_depressions -> resolve_flats -> flowdir -> D8
  accumulation), reconciled across tiles so catchments crossing a tile
  boundary are not truncated, with channels defined as cells whose upstream
  contributing area exceeds 1 km2. Closed basins terminate; the eight
  Volga/Kama reservoirs are routed as explicit flow nodes using HydroLAKES
  polygons and pour points and Natural Earth river centerlines. Validated
  against published upstream areas at nine reference gauges: eight read
  96-101 percent, the Ural reads 90 percent. Attribution-only inputs keep the
  derived Layer free of licence entanglements - released CC-BY-NC-4.0 for the
  community as an unencumbered replacement for HydroSHEDS/HydroRIVERS.
  Coast-clipped to the GSHHG full-resolution shoreline; Antarctica excluded.
  Attribution to the underlying terrain model is required: "GEDTM30 v1.2 (c)
  OpenGeoHub / Ho et al. 2025, CC BY 4.0", together with the Copernicus
  WorldDEM production and liability notices and the JAXA AW3D30 attribution
  that GEDTM30 itself inherits.
references:
  - type: article
    authors:
      - family-names: "Ho"
        given-names: "Yu-Feng"
      - family-names: "Hengl"
        given-names: "Tomislav"
    title: "GEDTM30: global ensemble digital terrain model at 30 m and derived multiscale terrain variables"
    year: 2025
    doi: "10.7717/peerj.19673"
  - type: data
    authors:
      - family-names: "Messager"
        given-names: "Mathis L."
      - family-names: "Lehner"
        given-names: "Bernhard"
    title: "HydroLAKES v1.0 - global lake polygons and pour points"
    year: 2016
    doi: "10.1038/ncomms13603"
  - type: data
    authors:
      - name: "Natural Earth"
    title: "1:10m rivers and lake centerlines (public domain)"
    year: 2026
    url: "https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-physical-vectors/10m-rivers-lake-centerlines/"
  - type: software
    authors:
      - family-names: "Bartos"
        given-names: "Matt"
    title: "pysheds: simple and fast watershed delineation in Python"
    year: 2020
    doi: "10.5281/zenodo.3822494"
  - type: article
    authors:
      - family-names: "Wessel"
        given-names: "Paul"
      - family-names: "Smith"
        given-names: "Walter H. F."
    title: "A global, self-consistent, hierarchical, high-resolution shoreline database"
    year: 1996
    doi: "10.1029/96JB00104"